The study aims to examine the current status of the deinstitutionalization policy for the disabled in Korea, in the context of changes in the care system. The study notes that with the need for an alternative care relationship neither provided by family members nor the state, the demands and practices of deinstitutionalization led by disabled individuals currently in facilities raise fundamental questions about the existing, facility-oriented social welfare system. The report explores the history of the deinstitutionalization movement and the societal response to it. The study suggests that the meaning of deinstitutionalization needs to be more fully understood, and practical methods for achieving it should be actively and flexibly explored. Finally, the study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive review of the structural characteristics of the Korean social welfare system, as well as a closer examination of experimental deinstitutionalization practices as future research tasks.